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SM U-12 (Austria-Hungary)
SM ''U-12'' or ''U-XII'' was a ''U-5''-class submarine or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)) before and during the First World War.
== Introduction ==
Built on speculation by Whitehead & Co. of Fiume, the submarine was launched as ''SS-3'' and featured improvements in the electrical and mechanical systems from the design by the American John Philip Holland, to which her older sister boats, and , had been built.
''SS-3'' was laid down in 1909 and launched in March 1911. The double-hulled submarine was just over long and displaced between , depending on whether surfaced or submerged. Whitehead's tried selling ''SS-3'' to several different navies, but she was finally bought by the Austro-Hungarian Navy after the outbreak of World War I, despite having been rejected by them twice before. She was commissioned as ''U-12'' in August 1914.
The submarine sank only one ship, a Greek cargo ship in May 1915, but she had earlier captured six Montenegrin sailing vessels as prizes in March. ''U-12'' also damaged, but did not sink, the French battleship ''Jean Bart'' in December 1914. While searching for targets in the vicinity of Venice in August 1915, ''U-12'' struck a mine that blew her stern off, and sank with all hands, becoming the first Austro-Hungarian submarine sunk in the war. Her wreck was salvaged the next year by the Italians, who interred ''U-12''s crewmen in a Venetian cemetery.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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